Laryngeal papillomatosis is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, over time conservative methods of treating the disease emerged.
Causes
Papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations are of a benign nature. However, this does not mean that they should be ignored.
From the outside, the growths look like turkeys with a hint of red or pink. Single copies are rarely displayed. There are often multiple formations.
They occur on the tongue, directly on the larynx, on the palate and vocal cords, on the arches of the tonsils, on the pharynx and trachea.
The greatest risk are papillomas located in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the airways. These are growths in the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat if HPV is activated.
This happens in the following conditions:
- the presence of such infectious diseases as scarlet fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in the residential area;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is the concept of "juvenile papillomatosis". They suffer from young children. With it, numerous papillomas in the throat close the lumen in the larynx, which interferes with the normal process of respiration.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into a malignant tumor, provided there is no treatment. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formations will not recur.
Throat papilloma: symptoms
At an early stage, the problem may not appear.
But as the warts grow, symptoms are noticed:
- disturbed breathing;
- the appearance of hoarseness, cough for no reason, sore throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by salivary or even blood flow;
- lumps in the throat.
In children, papillomas of the throat may present with symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema in the respiratory tract;
- the appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulty in implementing the respiratory process;
- hoarseness of voice;
- violations in child development.
How can you get infected?
Papillomavirus is transmitted through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- Sexual manner. Especially, the risk of getting papilloma is great for those who lead a debauched sex life.
- Homemade way. When using a towel, blanket, as well as in common areas.
- Through a kiss
- In the presence of injuries or microcracks.
- self-infection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to a baby).
Who is at risk?
Often, HPV in the throat occurs in children who have infections related to the ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common throat papillomatosis was in people aged 20 to 45 years.
In the risk factor, a person who has bad habits, constantly experiences stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are a number of indirect factors that can provoke the development of throat papillomas:
- taking hormonal pills;
- living in an area with high levels of air pollution;
- second-hand smoke;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- stress.
Types of HPV in the throat
There are many classifications of papillomas located in the throat.
Here is how the types of disease are divided by age:
- Congenital (d. M. Th. Infection occurred in the uterus).
- of children.
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or at home).
- Grown up.
- Repeated.
Another division is based on the growth rate of papillomas:
- a limited option, when the spread of formations occurs in a certain area in the throat;
- common form, when papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- obturator type. In this case, the growths interfere with the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
Depending on the condition of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- The first degree of compensation. Characterized by mild difficulty in breathing and exhalation, the appearance of hoarseness.
- The second degree of compensation. Shortness of breath occurs, the body ceases to have enough oxygen, a constant feeling of anxiety appears, cold sweats appear and the skin begins to turn blue.
- Third degree, when there is a complete cessation of breathing. The patient loses consciousness due to asphyxia.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, throat papilloma may be:
- benign;
- raspberries.
Localization of papillomas
Neoplasms can be localized either directly in the throat, in any part of it or in the larynx. Which of them are dangerous?
Those growths that arise in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or on the side walls. Rarely, formations can be found in the vocal cords. Do not confuse papillomas with tonsils and traffic jams.
In the second case, there is a taste of pus in the mouth. It is impossible to independently determine what exactly ⏤ is. You should contact a specialist.
If this is a cork, then it is enough to rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma in the tonsils, then the doctor will prescribe an effective therapy. It can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Laryngeal papillomas are dangerous. These increases can disrupt the patient's speech, interfere with the breathing process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papilloma can cause suffocation, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Diagnosis of papillomas in the throat
Before starting treatment for papillomas, the doctor will prescribe a series of diagnostic measures.
Throat papillomatosis can be detected using:
- Laryngoscopy - study of the problem area using a special laryngoscope tool.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissue. It is often done after a growth has been removed or after a biopsy has been taken.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of the presentation of education.
- Electroglotography - makes it possible to determine the type of papilloma (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - determines how common the problem is in the throat.
Conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat area can be treated conservatively. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is performed with the help of drugs, which are based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected areas, for these purposes are used:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- Silver nitrate salts.
- Sulfuric acid.
- Perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization procedure must be performed by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are banned due to their high toxicity for the treatment of children.
Another conservative method is radiotherapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has recently been used more and more to eliminate papillomas.
Remove tumors in the throat and with the help of radiotherapy. The main advantage of the method is the absence of damage or indentation, rapid healing and exclusion of recurrences.
The doctor prescribes you to take antiviral medication, recommends taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
For this, the appropriate method is chosen:
- laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryodestruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove neoplasms yourself. There is a high probability of papilloma damage. This will provoke a rapid degeneration of a benign tumor into a cancerous formation. Only the surgeon will perform the operation successfully.
Surgery to remove growths in children is contraindicated. This leads to complete cessation of breathing. These methods are not used in early childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are a number of folk remedies, using which can get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 tablespoon of fresh honey every day.
An infusion of laurel leaves will help to cope with the problem. Pour in boiling water and keep in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting medicine is taken. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. Ingredients are taken in equal proportions. You should get a spoonful of funds a day. The noise is placed on the tongue and after a couple of seconds it is washed off with water.
Since ancient times, people have treated papillomas localized in the throat by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, black grape, raspberry, mushroom and plantain. The drug is taken one hour after meals for 3 months.
You can not treat the problem with popular recipes. The sooner the patient visits a doctor, the sooner they will receive highly qualified help, this will help avoid the consequences.